\u300c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300d\u3068\u306f\u4f55\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f
\n\u300c\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff09\u300d\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7269\u4e8b\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3084\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3084\u8aac\u660e\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u901a\u3058\u3066\u3001\u8a00\u8449\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u304c\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u304c\u751f\u3058\u306b\u304f\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u8981\u7d20<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u8981\u7d20\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u660e\u78ba\u6027 \u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u66d6\u6627\u3055\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u306a\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7c21\u6f54\u6027 \u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u3051\u7c21\u6f54\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u305f\u3060\u3057\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u3066\u8a73\u7d30\u306a\u8aac\u660e\u3082\u542b\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u666e\u904d\u6027 \u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3060\u3051\u5e83\u304f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u304c\u9069\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7bc4\u56f2\u5185\u3067\u6b63\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e00\u8cab\u6027 \u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u305d\u306e\u6587\u8108\u3084\u9818\u57df\u5185\u3067\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3079\u304d\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u7a2e\u985e<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u7570\u306a\u308b\u7a2e\u985e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Nominal Definition\uff09 \u5358\u8a9e\u3084\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u610f\u5473\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3000\u300c\u72ac\u3068\u306f\u3001\u56db\u672c\u8db3\u3067\u5420\u3048\u308b\u52d5\u7269\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300d
\n\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Real Definition\uff09 \u7269\u4e8b\u3084\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u3084\u6027\u8cea\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3000\u300c\u6c34\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5316\u5b66\u5f0fH\u2082O\u3067\u8868\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7269\u8cea\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300d
\n\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Operational Definition\uff09 \u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u64cd\u4f5c\u3084\u6e2c\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3000\u300c\u91cd\u3055\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5929\u79e4\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3055\u308c\u308b\u7269\u4f53\u306e\u7269\u7406\u7684\u306a\u91cf\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300d
\n\u6307\u793a\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Stipulative Definition\uff09 \u65b0\u3057\u3044\u8a00\u8449\u3084\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u3092\u4e00\u6642\u7684\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3000\u300c\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u300e\u30b9\u30de\u30fc\u30c8\u30c7\u30d0\u30a4\u30b9\u300f\u3092\u30a4\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\u30cd\u30c3\u30c8\u306b\u63a5\u7d9a\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u643a\u5e2f\u6a5f\u5668\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300d<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u306e\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8ad6\u7406\u3068\u54f2\u5b66 \u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u5b66\u3084\u54f2\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54f2\u5b66\u8005\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u5b66\u8005\u306f\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u3084\u610f\u5473\u306e\u7cbe\u67fb\u306b\u91cd\u304d\u3092\u7f6e\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66 \u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u8005\u306f\u3001\u5358\u8a9e\u3084\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3084\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u8a00\u8a9e\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u7406\u89e3\u3057\u3088\u3046\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6cd5\u5b66 \u6cd5\u5f8b\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u306f\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u4e0d\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u89e3\u91c8\u3084\u57f7\u884c\u306b\u652f\u969c\u3092\u304d\u305f\u3059\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3089\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79d1\u5b66 \u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u3084\u73fe\u8c61\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u5b9f\u9a13\u3084\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u3092\u6210\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u518d\u73fe\u53ef\u80fd\u306a\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5f97\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u4f8b\u3092\u6319\u3052\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6570\u5b66 \u300c\u5186\u3068\u306f\u3001\u5e73\u9762\u4e0a\u306e\u4e00\u70b9\uff08\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u5b9a\u306e\u8ddd\u96e2\uff08\u534a\u5f84\uff09\u306e\u70b9\u306e\u96c6\u5408\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300d\uff08\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff09
\n\u7269\u7406\u5b66 \u300c\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7269\u4f53\u304c\u4ed5\u4e8b\u3092\u884c\u3046\u80fd\u529b\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300d\uff08\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u6027<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u7406\u7531\u304b\u3089\u3082\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3 \u5171\u901a\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u6301\u3064\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u6df7\u4e71\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7814\u7a76\u3068\u5b66\u554f \u7814\u7a76\u3084\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u6b20\u304b\u305b\u307e\u305b\u3093\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6cd5\u7684\u52b9\u529b \u6cd5\u7684\u6587\u66f8\u3084\u5951\u7d04\u66f8\u306a\u3069\u3067\u306f\u3001\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u6cd5\u7684\u52b9\u529b\u306b\u5927\u304d\u304f\u5f71\u97ff\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7d50\u8ad6<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3068\u306f\u3001\u7269\u4e8b\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u3001\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3084\u7bc4\u56f2\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u8868\u73fe\u3084\u8aac\u660e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u7406\u89e3\u304c\u4fc3\u9032\u3055\u308c\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u6df7\u4e71\u304c\u907f\u3051\u3089\u308c\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u306f\u8ad6\u7406\u5b66\u3084\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u3001\u6cd5\u5b66\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u3067\u300c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u300d\u306b\u95a2\u3059\u308b\u8aac\u660e\u306f\u4ee5\u4e0a\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f55\u304b\u8ffd\u52a0\u306e\u8cea\u554f\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u304a\u6c17\u8efd\u306b\u3069\u3046\u305e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u306a\u305c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u304b\uff1f
\n\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u7269\u4e8b\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3057\u3001\u4eba\u3005\u306e\u9593\u3067\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u4e00\u81f4\u3055\u305b\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u624b\u6bb5\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u305d\u306e\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u3092\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u7406\u7531\u3068\u6839\u62e0\u304b\u3089\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
1. \u5171\u901a\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n
\u7406\u7531<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u306b\u5bfe\u3057\u3066\u5171\u901a\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u8853\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3001\u65e5\u5e38\u4f1a\u8a71\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u66f8\u306a\u3069\u3001\u69d8\u3005\u306a\u5834\u9762\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u8a00\u8449\u3084\u30d5\u30ec\u30fc\u30ba\u304c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u6df7\u4e71\u304c\u751f\u3058\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u300c\u30b8\u30e3\u30b9\u30c6\u30a3\u30b9\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8a00\u8449\u3092\u8003\u3048\u3066\u307f\u307e\u3057\u3087\u3046\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u5b66\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304c\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u5404\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u4eba\u3005\u304c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u89e3\u91c8\u3092\u3059\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u5404\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u63d0\u4f9b\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u7cbe\u78ba\u306a\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3059\u308b<\/p>\n
\u7406\u7531<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u5074\u3068\u53d7\u3051\u53d6\u308b\u5074\u306e\u9593\u3067\u306e\u7cbe\u78ba\u306a\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u610f\u56f3\u3057\u306a\u3044\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u66d6\u6627\u3055\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u533b\u7642\u3084\u6cd5\u5f8b\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u304c\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u7528\u8a9e\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u969b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u91cd\u5927\u306a\u30df\u30b9\u3084\u8aa4\u8a3a\u3001\u6cd5\u7684\u306a\u8aa4\u89e3\u3092\u751f\u3080\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u533b\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u3059\u3079\u3066\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u533b\u7642\u5f93\u4e8b\u8005\u9593\u3067\u306e\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u304c\u30b9\u30e0\u30fc\u30ba\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u60a3\u8005\u306e\u8a3a\u65ad\u3084\u6cbb\u7642\u304c\u9069\u5207\u306b\u884c\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u5b66\u7fd2\u3068\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308b<\/p>\n
\u7406\u7531<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u6559\u80b2\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u57fa\u76e4\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b66\u751f\u304c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u6982\u5ff5\u3084\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u969b\u3001\u307e\u305a\u6700\u521d\u306b\u305d\u306e\u7528\u8a9e\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u7406\u89e3\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u3092\u4f5c\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u307e\u305f\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u77e5\u8b58\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u5316\u306b\u3082\u5f79\u7acb\u3061\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5b66\u3076\u969b\u306b\u3001\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u7528\u8a9e\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u300c\u6570\u300d\u3001\u300c\u6f14\u7b97\u300d\u3001\u300c\u95a2\u6570\u300d\u306a\u3069\uff09\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u3088\u308a\u8907\u96d1\u306a\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u304c\u56f0\u96e3\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5404\u7528\u8a9e\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u57fa\u306b\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u77e5\u8b58\u3092\u7a4d\u307f\u4e0a\u3052\u3066\u3044\u304f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u7814\u7a76\u3068\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u9032\u5c55\u3092\u652f\u3048\u308b<\/p>\n
\u7406\u7531<\/p>\n
\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u3084\u5b66\u8005\u304c\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u63d0\u5531\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u7406\u8ad6\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u304c\u305d\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3092\u518d\u73fe\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308a\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u9032\u5c55\u304c\u4fc3\u9032\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u300c\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u300d\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u306a\u3051\u308c\u3070\u3001\u65b0\u3057\u3044\u30a8\u30cd\u30eb\u30ae\u30fc\u7406\u8ad6\u3084\u767a\u898b\u304c\u8a55\u4fa1\u3055\u308c\u308b\u57fa\u6e96\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5b9f\u9a13\u7d50\u679c\u3084\u7406\u8ad6\u306e\u691c\u8a3c\u304c\u5bb9\u6613\u306b\u306a\u308a\u3001\u5b66\u554f\u306e\u9032\u5c55\u304c\u4fc3\u9032\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3068\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u652f\u63f4<\/p>\n
\u7406\u7531<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3084\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u306b\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u306a\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3001\u8b70\u8ad6\u304c\u611f\u60c5\u7684\u306b\u306a\u3063\u305f\u308a\u3001\u975e\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u7d50\u8ad6\u306b\u81f3\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u653f\u7b56\u3092\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u8b70\u8ad6\u3067\u3001\u300c\u74b0\u5883\u4fdd\u8b77\u300d\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u3060\u3068\u3001\u3069\u306e\u65b9\u7b56\u304c\u6700\u3082\u9069\u5207\u304b\u3092\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u306e\u304c\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u76ee\u6a19\u3084\u8a55\u4fa1\u57fa\u6e96\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3067\u304d\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u3088\u308a\u5408\u7406\u7684\u306a\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u304c\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u307e\u3068\u3081<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u5171\u901a\u306e\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u63d0\u4f9b\u3057\u3001\u7cbe\u78ba\u306a\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u7bc9\u304d\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u306e\u9032\u5c55\u3092\u652f\u3048\u3001\u8ad6\u7406\u7684\u306a\u8b70\u8ad6\u3068\u610f\u601d\u6c7a\u5b9a\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3059\u308b\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u624b\u6bb5\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u7406\u7531\u304b\u3089\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u660e\u3089\u304b\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u4eba\u3005\u306f\u5171\u901a\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3092\u6301\u3061\u3001\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306b\u77e5\u8b58\u3084\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u4f1d\u3048\u5408\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u308b\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306b\u306f\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u7a2e\u985e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304b\uff1f
\n\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306b\u306f\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u7570\u306a\u308b\u76ee\u7684\u3084\u6587\u8108\u3067\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306b\u4e3b\u8981\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u3068\u305d\u306e\u7279\u5fb4\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Nominal Definition\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u4ed6\u306e\u8a00\u8449\u3067\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u5fb4 \u3053\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\u3084\u7fd2\u6163\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u3066\u304a\u308a\u3001\u8f9e\u66f8\u306a\u3069\u3067\u898b\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u591a\u3044\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b \u300c\u30a2\u30c3\u30d7\u30eb\u300d\uff08apple\uff09\u306f\u3042\u308b\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u679c\u7269\u3092\u6307\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Real Definition\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3082\u306e\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u3084\u7279\u6027\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u5fb4 \u3053\u308c\u306f\u305d\u306e\u3082\u306e\u306e\u6027\u8cea\u3084\u69cb\u9020\u3092\u660e\u3089\u304b\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79d1\u5b66\u3084\u54f2\u5b66\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u3088\u304f\u7528\u3044\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b \u300c\u6c34\u300d\uff08H2O\uff09\u306f\u3001\u6c34\u7d202\u539f\u5b50\u3068\u9178\u7d201\u539f\u5b50\u304c\u7d50\u5408\u3057\u305f\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Operational Definition\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u624b\u9806\u3084\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u5fb4 \u79d1\u5b66\u3084\u5b9f\u9a13\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u62bd\u8c61\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u64cd\u4f5c\u3084\u6e2c\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u969b\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b \u300c\u8a18\u61b6\u529b\u300d\u3092\u3001\u3042\u308b\u30c6\u30b9\u30c8\u3067\u306e\u6b63\u89e3\u6570\u3067\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Causal Definition\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u73fe\u8c61\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u4ed6\u306e\u8981\u56e0\u306b\u3088\u308a\u5f15\u304d\u8d77\u3053\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u5fb4 \u3053\u308c\u306f\u3057\u3070\u3057\u3070\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u7406\u8ad6\u3084\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u3068\u3057\u3066\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b \u300c\u55ab\u7159\u300d\u306f\u300c\u80ba\u304c\u3093\u306e\u539f\u56e0\u3068\u306a\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u300d\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u516c\u7406\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Axiomatic Definition\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u516c\u7406\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u3044\u304f\u3064\u304b\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u547d\u984c\u3084\u516c\u7406\u304b\u3089\u51fa\u767a\u3057\u3066\u4ed6\u306e\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u8aac\u660e\u3059\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u5fb4 \u6570\u5b66\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u5b66\u3067\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u547d\u984c\u304c\u516c\u7406\u304b\u3089\u5c0e\u304b\u308c\u308b\u5f62\u3067\u6574\u7136\u3068\u6574\u5099\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b \u5e7e\u4f55\u5b66\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3084\u5b9a\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5e30\u7d0d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Inductive Definition\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u5e30\u7d0d\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u9023\u306e\u5177\u4f53\u4f8b\u3084\u89b3\u5bdf\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306a\u6cd5\u5247\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u5c0e\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u5fb4 \u5e30\u7d0d\u7684\u63a8\u8ad6\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u4e8b\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\u4e00\u822c\u6cd5\u5247\u3092\u898b\u51fa\u3059\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3001\u305d\u306e\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u308b\u304b\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b \u4f55\u5ea6\u3082\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5b9f\u9a13\u3084\u89b3\u5bdf\u3092\u3082\u3068\u306b\u3057\u305f\u81ea\u7136\u6cd5\u5247\u3002<\/p>\n
\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08Constructive Definition\uff09<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9 \u69cb\u6210\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u3042\u308b\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3092\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306b\u793a\u3059\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7279\u5fb4 \u4e00\u822c\u7684\u306b\u6570\u5b66\u3084\u30b3\u30f3\u30d4\u30e5\u30fc\u30bf\u30b5\u30a4\u30a8\u30f3\u30b9\u3067\u898b\u3089\u308c\u3001\u3042\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u7269\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u69cb\u6210\u3055\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b \u81ea\u7136\u6570\u306f\u30010\u3092\u521d\u671f\u5024\u3068\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5f8c1\u3092\u7e70\u308a\u8fd4\u3057\u52a0\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u7a2e\u985e\u306f\u3001\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u3001\u6570\u5b66\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u3001\u305d\u3057\u3066\u79d1\u5b66\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u5b9f\u8df5\u304b\u3089\u6765\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u9069\u3057\u305f\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65b9\u6cd5\u304c\u9078\u3070\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66 \u540d\u8a5e\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3084\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54f2\u5b66 \u5b9f\u8cea\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3084\u516c\u7406\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u306e\u672c\u8cea\u3092\u63a2\u6c42\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6570\u5b66 \u516c\u7406\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3084\u69cb\u6210\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u6570\u7406\u8ad6\u7406\u3084\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u69cb\u7bc9\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u79d1\u5b66 \u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3084\u56e0\u679c\u7684\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u5b9f\u9a13\u3084\u7406\u8ad6\u69cb\u7bc9\u306e\u57fa\u76e4\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u3089\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u3001\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u6982\u5ff5\u3092\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u304b\u3064\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u4f1d\u3048\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\uff1f
\n\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3084\u7406\u89e3\u3092\u6df1\u3081\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u6b63\u78ba\u306b\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u305d\u306e\u6839\u62e0\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u8a73\u3057\u304f\u8aac\u660e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
1. \u660e\u78ba\u306a\u76ee\u7684\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a<\/p>\n
\u307e\u305a\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u76ee\u7684\u3092\u660e\u78ba\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u7684\u306a\u6587\u8108\u3001\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u65e5\u5e38\u7684\u306a\u4f1a\u8a71\u306e\u4e2d\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u8a00\u8449\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u7570\u306a\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76ee\u7684\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308c\u3070\u3001\u305d\u308c\u306b\u5fdc\u3058\u305f\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3084\u3059\u304f\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
2. \u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u8abf\u67fb<\/p>\n
\u6b21\u306b\u3001\u65e2\u5b58\u306e\u6587\u732e\u3084\u8f9e\u66f8\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3057\u3066\u3001\u3059\u3067\u306b\u5b58\u5728\u3059\u308b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u8abf\u67fb\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3001\u65e2\u306b\u5e83\u304f\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u3089\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u57fa\u306b\u69cb\u7bc9\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u53ef\u80fd\u306b\u3057\u3001\u8aa4\u89e3\u3084\u6df7\u4e71\u3092\u907f\u3051\u308b\u52a9\u3051\u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u7528\u8a9e\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u5c02\u9580\u8f9e\u5178\u3084\u5b66\u8853\u8ad6\u6587\u3092\u53c2\u7167\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6709\u52b9\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
3. \u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u306e\u8003\u616e<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u8a00\u8449\u3084\u6982\u5ff5\u304c\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u3092\u8003\u616e\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5927\u5207\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u8a00\u8449\u304c\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u72b6\u6cc1\u3067\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u306e\u304b\u3001\u305d\u306e\u80cc\u666f\u3084\u74b0\u5883\u306b\u3064\u3044\u3066\u7406\u89e3\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u3088\u308a\u9069\u5207\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
4. \u5b8c\u7d50\u6027\u3068\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306e\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u7c21\u6f54\u3067\u3042\u308a\u306a\u304c\u3089\u3082\u3001\u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u3059\u3079\u3066\u542b\u3080\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306f\u5b8c\u7d50\u6027\u3068\u7cbe\u5ea6\u306e\u30d0\u30e9\u30f3\u30b9\u3092\u53d6\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3092\u610f\u5473\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u7c21\u6f54\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u60c5\u5831\u304c\u6b20\u843d\u3057\u3001\u904e\u5ea6\u306b\u8a73\u7d30\u306b\u3059\u308b\u3068\u5197\u9577\u306b\u306a\u308b\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
5. \u5fc5\u8981\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\u306e\u7279\u5b9a<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u306a\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u672c\u8cea\u7684\u306a\u7279\u6027\uff09\u3092\u7279\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5bfe\u8c61\u3092\u4ed6\u306e\u985e\u4f3c\u7269\u3068\u533a\u5225\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u57fa\u790e\u304c\u7bc9\u304b\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u300c\u72ac\u300d\u3092\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3059\u308b\u5834\u5408\u3001\u52d5\u7269\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u54fa\u4e73\u985e\u3067\u3042\u308a\u3001\u8089\u98df\u6027\u3067\u3042\u308b\u306a\u3069\u306e\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u542b\u3081\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
6. \u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u4f7f\u7528<\/p>\n
\u5834\u5408\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u306f\u3001\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\uff08\u4f8b\u3048\u3070\u6570\u5b66\u3084\u8ad6\u7406\u5b66\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5f0f\u306a\u5f62\u5f0f\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u3055\u3092\u6392\u9664\u3057\u3001\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
7. \u6279\u5224\u7684\u306a\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u305f\u5f8c\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u6279\u5224\u7684\u306b\u30ec\u30d3\u30e5\u30fc\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u91cd\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u306f\u3001\u305d\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u306e\u5c02\u9580\u5bb6\u3084\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3067\u3042\u308d\u3046\u5bfe\u8c61\u8005\u304b\u3089\u306e\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u6c42\u3081\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u542b\u307e\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
8. \u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3057\u3066\u691c\u8a3c<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306b\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u5834\u9762\u3067\u554f\u984c\u304c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u691c\u8a3c\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u4f7f\u7528\u4e2d\u306b\u554f\u984c\u304c\u767a\u751f\u3057\u305f\u5834\u5408\u306f\u3001\u30d5\u30a3\u30fc\u30c9\u30d0\u30c3\u30af\u3092\u5143\u306b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u898b\u76f4\u3057\u3001\u6539\u8a02\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5fc5\u8981\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
9. \u95a2\u9023\u6027\u306e\u30c1\u30a7\u30c3\u30af<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u4ed6\u306e\u95a2\u9023\u3059\u308b\u7528\u8a9e\u3068\u3069\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u95a2\u4fc2\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3092\u78ba\u8a8d\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3053\u308c\u306b\u3088\u308a\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u306b\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u3069\u3046\u304b\u3092\u691c\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6839\u62e0<\/p>\n
\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u624b\u6cd5\u3000\u79d1\u5b66\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3067\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u8cab\u3057\u305f\u518d\u73fe\u6027\u3092\u4fdd\u8a3c\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u660e\u78ba\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u4e0d\u53ef\u6b20\u3067\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5bfe\u8c61\u306e\u57fa\u672c\u5c5e\u6027\u3092\u6e2c\u5b9a\u3057\u3001\u4ed6\u306e\u7814\u7a76\u3067\u3082\u540c\u3058\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u4f7f\u7528\u3055\u308c\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3067\u4fe1\u983c\u6027\u304c\u5411\u4e0a\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7406\u8ad6\u3000\u8a00\u8a9e\u5b66\u3084\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u7406\u8ad6\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3001\u66d6\u6627\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306f\u8aa4\u89e3\u3092\u751f\u3080\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u9ad8\u3044\u3068\u3055\u308c\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u4f7f\u7528\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f\u3001\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u306a\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u3092\u4fc3\u9032\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff08Grice\u306e\u5354\u8abf\u539f\u5247\u306a\u3069\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6cd5\u5b66\u3000\u6cd5\u5f8b\u306e\u6587\u732e\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u66d6\u6627\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u6cd5\u306e\u9069\u7528\u3084\u89e3\u91c8\u304c\u56f0\u96e3\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3057\u305f\u304c\u3063\u3066\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u6587\u66f8\u3067\u306f\u7cbe\u7dfb\u3067\u4e00\u8cab\u6027\u306e\u3042\u308b\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u6c42\u3081\u3089\u308c\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u54f2\u5b66\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u3000\u30d7\u30e9\u30c8\u30f3\u3084\u30a2\u30ea\u30b9\u30c8\u30c6\u30ec\u30b9\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306a\u53e4\u5178\u7684\u306a\u54f2\u5b66\u8005\u305f\u3061\u306f\u3001\u5b9a\u7fa9\u304c\u771f\u7406\u306e\u63a2\u6c42\u306b\u304a\u3044\u3066\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u5f79\u5272\u3092\u679c\u305f\u3059\u3068\u8003\u3048\u3066\u3044\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f7c\u3089\u306f\u3001\u7279\u306b\u672c\u8cea\u4e3b\u7fa9\u306b\u57fa\u3065\u3044\u305f\u660e\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u91cd\u8996\u3057\u307e\u3057\u305f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ee5\u4e0a\u306e\u65b9\u6cd5\u3068\u6839\u62e0\u3092\u5143\u306b\u3001\u52b9\u679c\u7684\u304b\u3064\u6b63\u78ba\u306a\u5b9a\u7fa9\u3092\u8a2d\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306e\u624b\u9806\u3092\u8e0f\u3080\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5b9a\u7fa9\u306e\u660e\u78ba\u5316\u306f\u3001\u7279\u5b9a\u306e\u5206\u91ce\u3084\u30b3\u30f3\u30c6\u30af\u30b9\u30c8\u306b\u304a\u3051\u308b\u7406\u89e3\u3068\u30b3\u30df\u30e5\u30cb\u30b1\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u306e\u5411\u4e0a\u306b\u5bc4\u4e0e\u3057\u307e\u3059\u3002<\/p>\n
\u3010\u8981\u7d04\u3011
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